الفِرار اللغوي عند أبي حيان الأندلسيّ ت745هــ

Rp-The phenomenon of linguistic escape in Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi d. 745 AH .pdf

Praise be to God Almighty, by whose grace good deeds are accomplished. Praise be to God and thanks to Him for completing this topic, which is fraught with many difficulties, and presenting it in this manner. With His help and guidance, I have finished my study of the phenomenon of escape in Arabic according to Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi (d. 745 AH). Now then:
After exploring the corners and angles of this topic, starting with defining it, its words, methods and styles, to the levels of the language in which the linguistic escape occurred, phonetic, grammatical and semantic, it is better to be brief and then slip into the results. The results can be limited to the following summary:
1- The research monitored one of the most prominent linguistic phenomena that has been repeatedly mentioned in linguists’ books and at all levels of language, but it has not received the same amount of research and study as other linguistic phenomena.
2- The phenomenon of escape in Arabic came explicitly in the Arabic linguistic heritage in general and in the writings of Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi in particular, expressed in special terms. Therefore, this study came as an attempt to establish the boundaries of this phenomenon and define its concept.
3- Abu Hayyan used words for this phenomenon in addition to (fārr) and its derivatives (fārr, yufrūr, farāran), including: (haraba) and its derivatives (haraba, yahrūb, harūban), as well as the form (la’alla), which conveyed the same meaning of haraba in its predecessors.
4- The research contained a large number of evidences of the phenomenon of linguistic escape in the texts of Abu Hayyan al-Andalusi, the subject of the research, which indicates the reality of the existence of the phenomenon with the richness of the language with similar linguistic phenomena.
5- Abu Hayyan relied on different methods and approaches to express the phenomenon, including: what he spoke about in it about the user of the language and his preference to pronounce a word in a certain way or his use of a word rather than another, so he expressed it as a linguistic escape, and what he spoke about in it about the linguists’ justifications and interpretations, so he described it as a linguistic escape.
6- In this study, a technical concept of linguistic escape was defined, as the researcher did not find, within the limits of his knowledge in the sources that fell into his hands, any mention of a technical definition of this phenomenon despite its importance other than the definition provided by Dr. Saleh Kazim Ajil in his research (Linguistic escape in the book of Sibawayh), as he proved through the definition that linguistic escape often came as an explanation for linguistic changes, whether from the user of the language or its describer.
7- The study showed that the phenomenon of linguistic escape led to an expansion in Arabic. This expansion led to an enrichment of words, structures, and meanings in Arabic, as it was possible to use sounds, structures, and meanings instead of others. The phenomenon also revealed flexibility in the Arabic language and the distance of its rules from rigidity, and this is a response to those who are biased about the rigidity of Arabic rules.
8- The study revealed an explanation for some phenomena in Arabic, such as assimilation, substitution, deletion, and others. This escape between the two sounds is based on agreement in the place of articulation, the characteristic, or both.
9- The study presented a group of reasons for linguistic escape, including: escape from heaviness to lightness, from confusion and illusion to what is believed with it, from length to brevity, and from what is contrary to the rule to what is in keeping with it.
In conclusion, I advise those who are knowledgeable in Arabic and those who work in it to study linguistic texts carefully, especially the texts of its early scholars, by delving into them and extracting from them the linguistic subtleties that are needed by those who are keen on Arabic. I also advise myself and researchers to devote themselves to studying and understanding Arabic and to imbibe its sciences, as the breadth of this phenomenon and its likes have demonstrated the breadth of Arabic’s horizons and the diversity of its styles, which made it worthy of the Qur’an being revealed in it and not in any other language.
If the research has any merits, it is due to the vast heritage left to us by the early Arabic scholars. If the research has any shortcomings or weaknesses, it is due to the efforts of its author, who tried as much as he could and could, asking God Almighty to inspire him with success and guidance. And our final supplication is that all praise is due to God, Lord of the Worlds.