القوانين الصوتية الكبرى في كتاب الرعاية لمكي بن أبي طالب القيسي (ت437هـ)

The Supreme Phonological Laws in " Al Ri'aya " Book by Mekki Bin Abi Talib Al Qaisi ( died 437 H.)

Studies of language laws were multitude in general and the phonological law in particular. The reason may belong to the great significance of studying the linguistic tissue. For the phonological level is the first linguistic level of linguistic study.
There are many phonological laws, but the current study focused on the biggest three laws and the most common ones in language. The study was divided into three chapters preceded by introduction and a preface and followed by the most important results.
We mentioned, in the introduction, the causes that led to choosing the subject and the obstacles that we faced; as well, the most important references and bibliographies that were used in the study. The preface contained some primary concepts that relate to the study topic. Every chapter, in this study tackled the studied law followed by the practical application in ” Al Ri’aya ” book by Mekki Bin Abi Talib Al Qaisi.
The first chapter was devoted to lightness and heaviness law. This law is considered the biggest and the most common phonological law where all other laws lies under it. this may refer to search for easiness and facilitation in the articulation process and economy in the spent muscular efforts during this process. So, all the phonological phenomena happen searching for this reason, for they take the simplest ways to achieve this target.
The second chapter was about the power and weakness law. It is also one of the most influential phonological law in language. The third chapter was about the law of common and widely used in language.
These three phonological laws are considered the biggest and hugest ones in the language. The current study ended with the most important results. It is worth to mention that ancient Arabic scholars were the initiators and founders who studied Arabic language and its laws. Al Kheleal ( 175 H.), Sibawayh ( 180 H.), and Ibn jinni ( 392 H.) were the pioneer, particularly the recitation scholars as Mekki Al Qaisi who received his information from the first Arabic scholars who preceded him and skillfully referred to the role that sound played in the linguistic constructions of the classification details; beside his personal experience in deduction. Therefore, ” Al Ri’aya ” Book was a scientific work that links what Arabic scholars put concerning rhetorical studies with what recitation scholars apply in reading the holy Quran.