الكشف عن بقايا المضادات الطفيلية في اللحوم والأجزاء الصالحة للأكل من الأغنام في محافظة كربلاء

Detection of Antiparasite Residues in Meat and Edible parts of Sheep in Karbala Province

Abstract

By using precise methods to detect the smaller levels of these residues. Antiparasitic residue study was performed on 125 samples (50 samples of sheep meat and 75 samples of edible parts) collected from different areas of the butcher shops. This study aims to determine the residues of anti-parasitic drugs (ivermectin and cypermethrin) in meat and edible parts (liver, kidneys and tail fat) of sheep in five different areas in Karbala Province / Iraq, by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. From October 2023 to January 2024.
The analysis showed that 96% of the meat and 95% of the edible parts were contaminated above the maximum residue limits with cypermethrin, as for the ivermectin residue, 90% in all samples was (meat and edible parts) positive for ivermectin )IVM( residue in samples. Statistical analysis of the data found there are significant differences (P<0.05) for antiparasitic agents in sheep meat and its products. The effect rate of cypermethrin was higher than that of ivermectin, as the rate of cypermethrin was (2.66) and ivermectin was (0.63).
As for the edible parts, the contamination rate of ivermectin was higher than that of cypermethrin in the liver at a rate of (1.49); cyperemthrin was (0.96), and in the kidneys the percentage of contamination with cypermethrin was higher at a rate of (1.99), and ivermectin was (1.76) , and ivermectin was (1.29) . Likewise, for tail fat, the contamination with cypermethrin was higher at a rate of (2.64). The results showed that the samples were more contaminated with cypermethrin than ivermectin. Pesticide residue concentrations were in the order: Meat > tail fat > kidneys > Liver. As for the percentage of impact on the region, the percentage of residues of both cypermethrin and ivermectin in sheep meat according to each region was as the following: Al-Husseinah (0.56), Al-Hur (1.43), Tauweraij (3.00), Center (0.64), and Aeen tumer (2.57), as it was found that the Tauweraij area has higher pollution compared to other areas. As for tail fat, the percentages were Al-Hussaina (0.39), AL Hur (1.06), Tauweraij (1.12), center (2.92), Aeen tumer (4.31), where the area of Aeen Al-Tumer was the highest in pollution. The levels of contamination in the liver were as following: Al-Hussaina (2.75), AL Hur (2.12), Tauweraij (0.35), center (0.62), Aeen tumer (0.29) the Al-Hussaina area had the highest pollution. As for the kidneys, it was as following: Al-Hussaina (3.74), AL Hur (0.27), Tauweraij (0.50), center (3.89), Aeen tumer (0.98) it was found that the city center has the highest pollution.
As for contamination of samples with cypermethrin, the contamination rates in meat were according to each region, (0.85, 1.82, 5.17, 1.04 and 2.40), and tail fat was as following:( 0.46, 0.25, 0.42, 2.27 and 3.78), liver, (3.62, 0.50, 0.19, 0.12 and 0.36) and kidneys: (3.97, 0.17, 0.18, 5.35 and 0.28). Contamination of samples with ivermectin the contamination rates in meat were according to each region (0.26, 1.05, 0.82, 0.25 and 0.75) and tail fat (0.31, 1.87, 1.83, 0.58 and 1.85), liver (1.87, 3.74, 0.52, 1.13 and 0.21) and kidney: (3.51, 0.37, 0.82, 2.44 and 1.68).
According to the maximum limits of residues allowed before the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) showed that the residues of antiparasitic agents (cypermethrin and ivermectin) in sheep meat and its products were higher than the maximum limits for residues. This indicates the incorrect use of parasiticides during use, as well as failure to follow the veterinarian’s instructions.