النَّقْدُ النَّحْوِيُّ عِنْدَ ابْنِ الفَخَّارِ (ت754ه) فِي كِتَابِهِ (شَرْحُ الجُمَلِ).

Grammatical criticism of Ibn Al-Fkaar (754 AH) in his book (Shrih AL-Gomal)

Grammar is the cornerstone of the Arabic language; as it is the way to maintenance the tongue from falling into the wrong. It is for those who want to understand the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of the Holy Prophet, and it is the shelter in the detection of closed words on the meanings that are not the only way to know without it. This is to stand on its various connotations, to know the purpose of the speaker, to understand speech, it is the standard by which the correct speech is known from the ignorant.

Since the opinions issued by the those who prone to praise and criticism mug grew up, and enjoy the consideration of the grammatical Code since its inception finds that the criticism grammar found with their presence, and grew their growth. This is due to two things, one: It shows how much grammarians are interesting in the protection of language, integrity, and the other: It is linked to the multiplicity of opinion on one issue, which give rise to a difference in reasoning, analysis, and interpretations. This difference leads to the acceptance or rejection of that opinion based on the basics of grammar and its originated tense.

Grammatical criticism dominated my mind; So, I directed toward it; To be based in practice for this study, because I found a topic on the two important highlighted sides, one: syntax grammar, and the other: regarding monetary grammatical opinions of Ibn Al-Fkaar
Monetary grammar cares about plenty of issues including criticism grammar means following the grammar of the heritage of the stage induction on which the grammarians build their rules, detailed their judgments to the sentencing phase. This leaves a significant impact in ridding the way than similar disputes complex, multiple interpretations, and various explanations.

From this, the Arabic language is kept and developed. As well, it confers a tinge of renewal on them, as well as it reveals the origins of grammar thinking are discovered in the critic and the criticized one. This is helpful to understand the grammatical evidence for transport and mental thorough understanding which may be on the way to laying down general controls that govern grammatical doors.

The aim of all of this is to facilitate the grammar and simplify it. In addition, it is building later on an earlier building would enrich grammatical including the Code in accordance with the rules of customary and typical of its right. This reveals the secrets of grammatical structure, and its specificity, and its move away from affectation and arbitrariness in sentencing, which has not been to the language irrelevant, it achieves the protection of language, and the defense of their origin; to cleanse it from errors; To arrive at the ideal opinion, and to guide to the best speech.
As for monetary opinions grammatical Ibn Al-Fkaar, two reasons are found, one of them: comprehensiveness criticism grammar has, not only the worker, or function of grammatical, and others, but his critique is broadening of what came out of the grammatical assets, as well as characterized by its provision’s monetary richness, and depth and breadth encompassing issues, which is built on structural equilibrium and the difference in meaning attached to it. And the other thing is critical thought, which was characterized by the scientific cache, the cognitive capacity, and the guiding mind in the inquisitiveness. The well-known opinion is that he does not hesitate to criticize an opinion if the need arises. These features have appeared in the use of words and phrases in the course of his criticism of the views of his predecessors, scientists reveal the scientific strength of his character. These two reasons have the effect of giving privacy to the idea of monetary grammar, in which the central theme was built upon issues in his books that have been studied. And this thing is the pole of the mill that rises in the cornerstone of this research.

Thus, it is time for me to mention the most important results I reached, and write them down with these points:

1- The research revealed that grammatical criticism is concerned with everything related to the grammatical code to reveal the areas of quality, or poor quality, based on mental and psychological evidence; to reach a judgment on it by accepting or rejecting it.

2. The relationship of the grammar criticism approach to the subjects of reservations concerning, responses, and objections are part of the whole relationship, as the grammar criticism is a general framework of these issues, which they are collectively subject to his authority.

3. What Ibn Al-Fkaar in his criticism of those who preceded throw from the arc of scientific intolerance, but built on a careful scientific approach that based on the assets as, and evidence derived therefrom.

4- Ibn Al-Fkaar from his predecessor’s grammarians, which is in his reliance on this statement committed in their names in more than one place, and it was this statement on two parts. One of them: declare the names of those who took their reasoning in the course of his criticism, and the other: the names of those who declare their criticism. This statement reveals the sources relied upon in the construction of his works, he put from the legacy of his predecessors, as well as in the case of failure to declare their names, it was found during the search that took this reasoning or that of those who preceded grammarians.

5. He is concerned with grammar disputes and has two tendencies in it. One of them: he was a secretary in the proportion of the views relied upon in the course of his criticism to those scientists who said it, and the other: It may be attributed opinion given to the world, and assert that alone this world went to that, and after research shows that this view is unprecedented to him, and this happened in the position, and provide news of him (not) it, it has cut that this view of the file alone, while the public Alkoviin had preceded him to him, and that this in place.

6. Ibn Al-Fkaar from his blog grammatical protest hadith, is not invoked in the base grammatical report, but responding to the protested against it, to criticize their protest.