تأثير المستخلص الكحولي لقشور الرمان Punica granatum على التعبير الجيني للمورث ALS₁ في خميرة Candida albican المكونة للغشاء الحيوي والمعزولة من منطقة الفم

The effect of alcoholic extract of Punica granatum peels on the gene expression of the gene ALS₁ of the yeast Candida albicans which forming biofilm and isolated from mouth area

   In the current study , it was highlighted to find out the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extract of pomegranate peels against Candida albicans and assess the effectiveness of this extract in the viability of biofilm formation of the Yeast C.albicans by knowing the level of gene expression of Agglutinine – like sequence 1 ( ALS1) gene by qRT- PCR Technique . 62 Samples were collected and diagnosed by biochemical tests . 31 ( 50 %) belongs to C.albicans type , 12 ( 19.35 % ) belongs to C.dubliniensis , 11 ( 17.74 %) belongs to C.tropicalis type and 8 ( 12.90 % ) belongs to b C.krusei type . The ability of Yeast C.albicans to produce Biofilm was detected by Congo Red Agar method ( CRA ) and the Concentration ( 12.5 , 25 , 50 , 100 , 150 ) mg/ ml of the alcoholic extract of pomegranate Peels were tested on the Yeast C.albicans by well diffusion method and micro dilution method . Through using the qRT – PCR Technology, the level of gene expression of ( ALS1) gene was measured to know the inhibitory effect of extract on the biofilm.
Results showed that 16 ( 51.6% ) of Yeast C.albicans able to from Biofilm included { 6 ( 37.5 % ) formed strong biofilm and 10 ( 62.5 % ) formed in termedinte biofilm , while 15 ( 62.5 % ) did not from biofilm . Also the results showed that concentration 150 mg/ml gave the highest inhibitory Zone ( 22 mm ) , while the concentration12.5 mg /ml gave less inhibitory zone ( 9 mm ) and the minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) was calculated it was ( 12.5 ) mg/ml for Yeast cells , while the ( MIC ) against Candida biofilm was ( 25 mg / ml ) when the gene expression of the ( ALS1) gene was calculated. } on the other hand , the levels of Chang fold of ALS1 gene were ( 0.640 , 0.394 , 0.220 , 0.21 ) for the concentration ( 25 , 50 , 100 , 150 ) mg / ml respectively while the concentration 12.5 mg/ml did not show a clear influence when compared with control at the prospect p < 0.05 .
From the current study , We concluded the high efficiency of alcoholic extract of Pomegranate Peels on the Biofilm of Yeast C.albicans through its effect on ( ALS1 ) gene , suggesting the possibility of its use as a treatment for patients with Candidiasis because of its effect against the pathogenesis Virulence factors which play a critical role in pathogenicity and making it more resistant for antifungal .