تاثير تعدد الاشكال الجينية CDA جين على فعالية عقار ال Capecitabine الاحادي في النساء العراقيات المصابات بسرطان الثدي

Impact of Cytidine Deaminase Gene Polymorphism on the Capecitabine Monotherapy Response in Iraqi Breast Cancer Women

Background: Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled and abnormal cell proliferation. Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, with a 25% cancer-related mortality rate, breast cancer has become a significant threat to female health in Iraq, where it is the major leading cause of death among women after cardiovascular disease. Carboxy esterase, cytidine deaminase, and thymidine phosphorylase are the three enzymes that are required for the activation of the oral prodrug capecitabine.
Aim of study: To investigate the relationship between breast cancer, the (rs207267) cytidine deaminase genetic polymorphism, and (rs532545) cytidine deaminase genetic polymorphism on the efficacy and toxicity of the drug capecitabine and the influence of the cytidine deaminase gene polymorphism on the efficacy and toxicity of capecitabine.
Methods: At the oncology center at Imam al-Hussein Medical City in Kerbala, Iraq, the research was done on a total of 200 women between 1 July 2022 to 1 January 2023. This included 100 healthy women who acted as a control group and were older than 45 years old, as well as 100 women who had been diagnosed with breast cancer and were older than 45 years old. The research was carried out on both groups.
Estradiol, cancer antigen 15-3, and calcium levels in the blood plasma of both healthy women and women with breast cancer have been evaluated. Plasma drug concentration was determined for 100 women who had been taking capecitabine for at least three months. Using allele-specific PCR, genetic polymorphism was conducted on both genes (rs207267 and rs532545). The SPSS program was utilized for statistical analysis.
Result: In this study both alleles (rs207267 and rs532545) genetic analysis shows heterozygotes are more prevalent than homozygotes and mutant types.
Plasma drug concentration in both genes (rs207267 and rs532545) was higher in mutant types than in heterozygotes and homozygotes, respectively.
In this study, there were statistically significant differences between the control groups and the cancer patients regarding estradiol and the cancer antigen CA 15-3 and there is no statistically significant difference in calcium levels between the two groups.
Conclusion: Estradiol and cancer antigen 15-3 can be used to assess the treatment response of breast cancer patients. The genetic polymorphism of cytidine deaminase may influence the efficacy and toxicity of capecitabine in breast cancer patients.