تصميم وبناء مكثف للطاقة الشمسية باستخدام عدسات فرينل لتعقيم المعدات الطبية الجراحية

Rp. Design and Construct a Solar Concentrator Using Fresnel Lenses ‎to Sterilize Surgical Medical Equipment pdf.

The current study includes the design and manufacture of an experimental model of an innovating solar system for sterilizing surgical medical equipment as the first work with this design. Where steam and air are used as sterilization fluids separately, this was done through two sterilization chambers; one of them contains water converted into steam at a temperature of 121.1 ˚C and a pressure of 2.1 bar to be used as a sterilizing fluid. The other contains air used as a sterilizing fluid after heating it to the required temperature (160˚C) for sterilization. This is done by using solar energy. The dimensions of the system are 2.3 m in length, 1 m in width, and 1.4 m in height. The system weight is 65 kg, approximately.
This system was developed by installing a cylindrical solar absorbent vessel between the two sterilization chambers. This vessel aims to generate steam at a temperature (160 ˚C) to be used as a medium to accelerate the production of sterilizing fluids, and thus the sterilization process is faster. A heat exchanger was installed in each sterilization unit for heat exchange between the sterilizing fluid and the steam generated inside the cylindrical vessel. Also, to accelerate the steam generation in the cylindrical vessel, a Fresnel lens and a reflective oval dish were used as solar concentrators to focus solar radiation on this vessel. The system also has a two-axis solar tracker to track the sun automatically.
The temperature and pressure of the sterilizing fluid (steam or air) and the steam generated in the cylindrical vessel were found theoretically and experimentally.
The results showed that using the solar absorbent vessel in its normal case (without solar concentrators) cannot convert water into steam. While after installing the reflective oval dish, steam (160 ˚C and 6.2 bar) was obtained inside the cylindrical vessel for 37 min experimentally and 33 min theoretically. After installing the Fresnel lens with the presence of the reflective dish, this time was reduced by 35% experimentally and 36.4% theoretically compared to the results of the oval dish alone. By comparing the experimental results with the theoretical ones, it was found that there ‎is a maximum difference about 17%.‎
According to the prices in Iraq, the system’s economic feasibility evaluation found that it cost 664$. ‎