تفْسيرُ المِيزانِ للسَّيد الطباطبائي (1402هـ – 1981م) دراسةٌ في ضَوءِ تحلِيلِ الخِطاب

Al Mizan Interpretation by Seyed Al Tebateba'i (1402 H.– 1981 A.D.): A Study in the light of Discourse Analysis

Abstract:
Evidences were available referring to the relation between the linguistic lesson and holy Quran which is rooted and originated. Thus, since the beginning of descending ( Quran) era, the Quranic text exploited the thinking of the linguists scholars who tried to consider its Ayas and observe its rhetoric by explanation and interpretation to stop at its intentions and guide those enhanced implications that Allah facilitated them to his worshippers to take them out aberration maze and recourse perplexity to the light of guidance and faith for the sake of reform and man industry who represents Allah successor and his project whom Allah appointed him as successor.
Since the linguistic lesson, in spite of his modernity, was containing for many knowledgeable and linguistic fields, the figures who are interested in the Quranic matter wanted to invest its principles and theories to serve and study the Quranic discourse. Therefore, I dared to stop at steps of Al Mizan interpretation which was characterized than other contemporary interpretation books through containing the whole linguistic issues ( phonetics, morphology, grammar, and semantics); in addition to the issues of text and discourse.
In the current study, I did my best in studying it, in the light of discourse analysis, structures, hopefully I present a sort of service to the Quranic discourse firstly and to Seyed Al Tebateba’i ( may Allah rest his soul), Al Mizan interpreter secondly. I tried, through my writing, to follow its huge traces rather than others to state the nation need for its intellectual principles to reach the limited intentions.
I set my journey among the various discourse analysis methods after taking my decision regarding Al Mizan interpretation as a material for searching, checking, and analyzing the Quranic discourse. So, I started kidding with masters and asking the specialized, particularly those in Arabic departments and through the private communication channels till they advised me to ‘ Deborah Schiffrin’ approach and to those who followed his eclectic model in studying and analyzing the discourse.
It was shown that he was observing the utterance through several stages. He studied it lexically, within the linguistic levels, then he observe the utterance through the textual approach that is limited to sentences which are connected among themselves, as well, he moves to the usage levels to deal with discourse as a pragmatic use to end with observing the linguistic phenomena in their transformations from system to the usage.
Due to the largeness of approach and its comprehensiveness to all private semantics of the utterance, he agreed with the vision of Al Mizan author. He also made too much elaborateness in dealing with asking and guiding knowledgeable analyses starting from its existence as a used utterance passing through the sentence as one unit connected with many other sentences.
Then, it was described as a used discourse with summoning the accompanies, influences, and the factors that accompany producing semantics. This is to ensure that we stopped, during our attempt, at the best approach for studying discourse according to my knowledge; this is in order to observe the Quranic phenomenon in accord with what is available paths that uncover their intention.
Therefore, after deciding on the study material concerning Quran (Al Mizan interpretation) and the study approach in accord with theories of Deborah Schiffrin ‘ in discourses analysis, the thesis title came with consult with my supervisor (Prof. Dr. Nejah Fahim Sabir Al Ubaidi) who suggested the final form to the thesis title which is entitled ‘Al Mizan Interpretation by Seyed Al Tebateba’i (1402 H.– 1981 A.D.): A study in the light of Discourse Analysis ‘.
However, the aims of the study can be mentioned as the following:
1.Uncovering the knowledgeable and linguistic richness in Al Mizan interpretation and stating the adopted styles in analysis and interpretation.
2.Comparing with other interpretations and showing its impact on those who came after him and its impact on those who preceded him.
3.Uncovering the relation between Al Mizan interpretation authors and the private narratives which were conveyed on the Infallible Imams ( p.b.u.t.) in directing the Quranic discourse, their precedence in rooting , and the influence on the interpreters.
To stop at the aims of the study and to carry out its benefits, the study was divided into introduction, a preface, three chapters, and results accompanied with recommendations.
The first chapter tackled observing the linguistic phenomenon through the utterance analysis of the Quranic discourse in Al Mizan interpretation by Seyed Al Tebateba’i (may Allah rest his soul) in the light of the linguistic, morphological, and lexical levels. This chapter included three sections. The second section which investigated utterance in accord with the textual studies and its reliable criteria; it included three subsections that had more presence and suitable for uncovering traces of discourse analysis in Al Mizan interpretation. Thus, the first section of the second chapter came to state the influence of harmony factors in the Quranic discourse, the second section was for uncovering the influence of concord factor in the Quranic discourse, while the third section studied influence of acceptability in the Quranic discourse.
The third chapter studied the usage level in discourse analysis in three sections. The first section was devoted to clarifying the pragmatic dimensions in Quranic discourse analysis, so, it revealed the three degree signs ( signs of the first degree, second degree, and the third degree). The second section uncovered the influence of speech acts in Quranic discourse analysis. The third section studied the argumentative dimension in Quranic discourse analysis in Al Mizan interpretation. Later, the study ended with a number of results inducted from chapters and sections of the study.
Due to the connection among the three chapters, the research followed what approaches to the complementary method in the analysis since it includes eclectic of methods that complete each other to reach the aim of the study through analysis, interpretation, reasoning, and comparison. The research relied in presenting its material on summoning the devoted Aya that the research material goes around it; then, trying to analyze through the interpreters’ view by displaying their opinions, followed by displaying opinion of Al Mizan authors that was contrasting most opinions, arguing them, agreeing with some of others, and attempting to reinforce his opinion by the conveyed narratives of the infallible Imams (p.b.u.t.).
Sometimes, due to the significance of the opinion Al Mizan authors’, the research started with his opinion followed by arguing others’ opinions through discussion, contiguity, and conclusion.