دراسة التأثيرات السامة للزيرالينون في بعض المعايير الكيموحيوية للنساء اللاتي تعرضن للإجهاض.

Studying of Toxic Effects of Zearalenone in Some Biochemical Parameters of Women Who Exposed Abortion

Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the common mycotoxins in feeds. ZEN and its metabolites have estrogen-like activity and can competitively bind to estrogen receptors, causing reproductive dysfunction and damage to reproductive organs.
This study aims to investigate the presence of zearalenon in the blood serum of abortion patients and the relationship between them and the effect of zearalenon on some biochemical and physiological parameters.
The study was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Pathological Analysis / College of Applied Medical Sciences / University of Karbala and the laboratories of Science and Technology / Department of Environment and Water / Ministry of Science and Technology / Baghdad Governorate for the period from 1/ 9 / 2023 to 1/ 9/ 2024. The sample collection period was six months from 1/ 10 / 2023 to 1/ 4 / 2024. The study was designed based on a Case-control study.
Blood samples that collected were 50 from patients with abortions from the Gynecology and Obstetrics Teaching Hospital in Kerbala and the same number was collected from non-aborted pregnant women (Control).
The results showed that the percentage of women with abortion who carried Zearalenon toxin which was measured by TLC technique was 56.5% while the percentage of samples contaminated with the same toxin in non- abortive women ( control) was (0.0%). The results of quantitative analysis of Zearalenon toxin by HPLC also showed that the concentration of zearalenone in the blood serum of patients with abortion at the ages of (15-24), (25-34) and (35-45) years was (40.66, 42.50 and 41.82) ng/ml respectively, while the comparison groups and the three age groups were free of zearalenon toxin.

The physiological blood parameters tests showed that the number of white blood cells of the patients with abortion and whose blood was contaminated with zearalenon toxin for all the studied ages increased compared to the non-aborted groups, especially the group aged (15-24) years, as it reached
13.92 × 103 / international units.
On the other hand, the levels of the studied hormones in patient groups, especially the hormones (FSH), (E2), and (AMH) were decreased in the age group (35-45) years to 7.70 ng/dl, 11.85 ng/dl and 1.93 ng/dl respectively compared to their levels in the serum of pregnant women who did not have an abortion if they reached (19.9, 38.05 and 6.65) ng/dl respectively. Free Testosterone (F.T) increased in serum levels of women with abortion in the age group (35-45) years, reaching 608.43 ng/dL compared to its level in women without abortion in the same age group, reaching 203.5 ng/dL.
The results of the statistical analysis proved the existence of a positive correlation (r) between the occurrence of abortion and the contamination of their blood with zearalenon (r= 0.625 p<0.003) .
The results also showed a strong negative correlation between zearalenon and the levels of LH, E2, F.T and AMH hormones.
On the other hand, Receiver Operative curve (Roc) analysis showed that the total Area under the curve (AUC) for FSH, F.T, E2, LH, AMH, WBC and zearalenon were 99.8, 99.4, 99.2, 99.1, 99.1, 78.3 and 70.2 respectively.
The sensitivity and specificity of FSH were 95.83 and 95.45 while the sensitivity and specificity of F.T were 96 and 95. The sensitivity and specificity of E2 were 95.83 and 95.45 while The sensitivity and specificity of LH were
95.83 and 95.45 while the sensitivity and specificity of AMH were 95.83 and

95.45. The sensitivity and specificity of WBC were 60.9 and 82.4 while the sensitivity and specificity of ZEN were 56.5 and 1.
This study has concluded that The results of quantitative analysis of zearalenon toxin by HPLC also showed that the concentration of zearalenone in the serum of patients with abortion at the ages of (15-24), (25-34) and (35- 45) years was (40.66, 42.50 and 41.82) ng/ml I respectively. In contrast, the comparison groups and the three age groups were free of zearalenon toxin. The correlation between zearalenon toxin and abortion proved that toxins that exist in blood serum lead to abortion. Roc curve evaluation showed the presence of zearalenone toxins in the blood serum and a decrease in most biochemical and physiological parameters. Therefore, these parameters are considered as Biomarkers for the occurrence of abortion.