دراسة تأثير تعدد الأشكال في جين SLC5A2 على الاستجابة لعلاج empagliflozin لدى مرضى السكري من النوع الثاني

The Influence of Polymorphisms in the SLC5A2 Gene on Response to Empagliflozin Treatment in Patients with Diabetes Type 2

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition of high blood sugar that occurs due to insulin resistance syndrome and its deficiency due to genetic or environmental influences. Diabetes is classified into four types, and type 2 diabetes is the most common in the world. Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of two primary factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond appropriately to insulin.
Empagliflozin is a relatively new medication that improves glycemic management by increasing urine glucose excretion and inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2).
Aims of study: – To study how the genetic variation of the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 effects on response of empagliflozin treatment in type 2diabetes.To investigation the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the soluble carrier family 5 member 2 SL5A2 gene encoding SGLT2 (reference SNP 121918621) and (reference SNP 138803748) with effect of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes 2.
Method; Cross sectional study with a total of 160 participants, both male and female, included 50 healthy individuals the age range of 30 to 50 years (control group) and 110 diabetic patients type 2 ranging in age from 29 to 73years who were selected during their outpatient clinic visits and every patient received a daily dose of 10 mg of empagliflozin as monotherapy. Biochemical tests were performed on each participant to determine glycemic assessment, kidney function test, lipid

function test and a genetic study for the SLCSA2 (rs 121918621) & (rs 138803748) polymorphism
Result: The results of the study revealed that there were statistically significant differences in blood sugar indicators, body mass, and kidney indicators between the two study groups, while in lipid profile, in which no significant difference was observed between the two study groups. The blood sugar, creatinine and urea indices among diabetic patients were significantly higher than the healthy groups. In this study, genetic analysis of both alleles (rs121918621 and rs138803748) showed that wild type alleles (GG) are more prevalent than heterozygotes(AG) and mutant (AA) types. The genetic distribution of SLC5A2 (rs121918621) and (rs138803748) showed significant differences in the level (Serum creatinine, Blood urea) in both SNPs, while there was no significant difference in the level of (Fasting blood glucose, Serum Sodium, TG) in both SNPs
Conclusion: The SLC5A2 polymorphisms (rs121918621) & (rs138803748) can be regarded as one of the genetic variables causing the variation response in Iraqi diabetic patients on empagliflozin treatment.