عزل والتعريف الجزيئي للـ non-O157 Shiga toxin E. coli من الإنسان والعجول وتقييم التأثير العلاجي لـ keprofixR

Isolation and molecular identification of non- O157 Shiga toxin E. coli from human and calves and evaluation the therapeutic effect of keprofixR

Abstract
This study was conducted to isolation and identification of non-O157 STEC in Karbala province, the result showed that we have a new serotype of this bacteria (IQ1) that gave different clinical symptoms in human and animals infected by this serotype such as fever, dehydration, colic, fatigue, nausea, abdominal cramps, nerves singes, renal failure, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), hemolytic colitis, and bloody to purulent diarrhea. Four hundred samples collected from children stool and calves’ fecal samples then take and culture the samples on different culture media for the isolation step. Biochemical tests were used for identification like oxidase test, citrate, urease test and voges – proskauer, catalase, Methyl red test and indole test.
The PCR technique used to conformation the non-O157 STEC. the result appeared from 197 calves’ samples 25 (12.69%) were showed positive results wile from 203 children’s samples 20 (9.85%) were showed positive results. The antibiotic susceptibility test was used to know which antibiotic give best result to compare with alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) for the treatment section of the second experimental study, the Ciprofloxacin has been showed zone of inhibition compared with other antibiotics that used for this test among other antibiotic (Ciprofloxacin, Amoxillin, Neomycin, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Ceftriaxone, Tetracycline, Azithromycin) were resistance.
The Experimental Study have been included 28 mice were used and divided in to four groups, 7 for each group, control, infected, infected treated with antibiotic, and infected treated with alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) groups to know the effect of the bacteria on internal organ, the main target organs were liver, kidney, intestine and show some pathological affects such as damage, necrosis and ulceration.
The mice were administrated and control until the clinical signs appeared on them, the treatment started with alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) and Ciprofloxacin, the infected group that treated with alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) showed better response in compered with the infected group that treated with antibiotic, blood samples were taken from each groups to detected the changes in serum biochemical study, that may occur due to the effect of the infection by measuring the AST, ALT , GGT enzymes and check the urea and creatinine level that raised above the normal, after that the mice euthanized and took liver, kidney and intestine organs to detect the histopathological alterations, which give great result .
The result of histopathological study was been showed the liver show change in the form of disorganization of the hepatocytes, degenerated, thrombosis, and infiltration of mononuclear cells, the renal capsule of the kidney was thick due to sever granulomatous inflammation, glomeruli atrophied, the intestine’s external muscular layer was thickened and damage with loss of intestinal villi. The group treated with antibiotics showed mildly visible changes in the liver with inflammatory around the central vein, while the alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) group showed mild hepatic alteration, a normal central vein. The antibiotic-treated of the kidney section show normal glomeruli with inflammatory cells around Bowman’s capsule, while the alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) group shows a significant reverse change of the renal capsule back to normal glomeruli in the antibiotic-treated section. Show reversible change in the villi length and areas of necrosis, while the alternative antibiotics (keprofixR) group shows remarkable villous length alteration.