فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على الانتباه المشترك في تنمية فهم المشاعر لدى أطفال التوحد

Rp-The effectiveness of a training program based on joint attention in developing understanding of feelings among autistic children .pdf

Abstract
Autism is one of the most common disorders, and the person with it is characterized by severe delays in various developmental areas such as social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication skills, language difficulties, weak interests and activities, difficulty understanding feelings and interpreting gestures and movements, in addition to the presence of some behavioral disorders such as stereotypical and aggressive movements and self-harm.
Therefore, the current research aimed to identify the effectiveness of a training program based on joint attention in developing understanding of feelings among children with autism, by revealing the following
1. The difference in understanding feelings between the experimental and control groups in the pre-test among children with autism disorder.
2. The difference between the relationships and the group post-test.
3. The difference in understanding feelings between the pre-test and the post-test of the experimental group among children with autism disorder.
4. The difference in understanding feelings between the experimental and control groups in the post-test for children with autism disorder.
To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher randomly selected (30) boys and girls from the Imam Hussein Institute for the Care of Autistic Children in Karbala, distributed them randomly to two groups, an experimental and a control group, and the researcher built a training program based on the theories that explain joint attention, consisting of (7) strategies, and presented it to ( 10) Arbitrators specialized in Educational Psychology and Special Education with the theoretical basis and the tools used, and he obtained the approval of all the arbitrators. In order to verify the effectiveness of the training program in developing understanding of feelings, the researcher built a mock test to measure understanding of feelings among children with autism, consisting in its initial form of (27) items with two alternatives.
In order to verify the validity of the test, the researcher presented it with the theoretical definition to (10) arbitrators specialized in developmental psychology and special education, then the researcher applied it to (30) boys and girls who were randomly selected from the research community to extract the psychometric characteristics of the test in the following ways:
1- Discrimination power
2- Sincerity of construction (internal consistency)
The researcher excluded (5) items from the test of understanding feelings because it was not valid, and extracted the stability using Cronbach’s alpha method, which amounted to (0.930), which is a good reliability coefficient that can be trusted.
After confirming the validity of the training program and testing the understanding of feelings, the researcher conducted a pre-test for a research sample of (30) boys and girls, and then distributed them randomly into two groups An experimental and a control group with (15) boys and girls for each group, then the training program was applied to the experimental group with (32) individual sessions four days a week.
After completing the application of the training program, the researcher conducted a post-test for both groups (the control and the experimental group), and reached the following results:
1. There are no statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in understanding feelings at the pre-test.
2. There are no statistically significant differences between the pretest and the posttest of the control group in understanding feelings.
3. There are statistically significant differences between the pretest and the posttest of the experimental group in favor of the posttest in understanding feelings.
4. There are statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in understanding feelings at the post-test in favor of the experimental group.
In the light of the research results, the researcher made a number of recommendations and proposals