قياس العلاقة بين سعر الفائدة وبعض المتغيرات الاقتصادية الكلية دراسة لتجربتي مصر واليابان مع اشارة خاصة للعراق للمدة 1990-2015

Measuring the relationship between the interest rate and some macroeconomic variables Selected experiments for the period (1990-2015)

   The interest rate plays a large role in economic construction and is one of the most important indicators used to analyze the movement and direction of the economy so that it is used as a tool to influence economic activity through monetary policy, but it depends on the degree of development of the country was advanced or developed, and that any change in the interest rate will affect the investment and economic decisions of any state, but it all depends on the extent of the private sector power and its role in economic activity and on the availability of the market economy in that country, as the latter will determine the effectiveness of the interest rate in the economy is often assumed in economic theory that the price of Interest rates affect the individual’s decision to distribute his income between current consumer spending and savings. The interest rate is one of the intermediate or operational instruments of monetary policy and in some cases it is the ultimate goal of monetary policy. The course of monetary policy in implementing and achieving the ultimate goal passes through the interest rate channel as an operational objective .

Therefore, a large number of countries take the interest rate very seriously because of its impact on the economic variables at the level of the local economy through its impact on the exchange rate and the volume of foreign trade and trade balance and also through its impact on domestic and foreign investment as a means to attract foreign investments into the country.

As a result of the large differences among international economies in terms of interest rates, exchange rates, inflation rates and other economic variables in each economy, the flow of international funds between countries has emerged to take advantage of these disparities among these variables in a single economy. and economic experienced during the duration of the study, it was the most important challenges faced by the sectors of the Iraqi economy over the past years and is influenced by the banking sector, which forms the basis of the center of power for the economy. The structure of domestic interest rates in the Iraqi economy for many years has been characterized by the prevailing stagnation and the failure to take into account the continuous rise in the overall level of prices, which has made the role of the banking system impervious to attracting domestic savings and then directing it towards investment, administratively, it was natural that monetary policy based on interest rates as a monetary tool directly restricted ports monetary and financial imbalances in the economy, and here the multiplicity of views and ideas on the need for liberalization of interest rates began in accordance with the appropriate requirements to guide least R, making the role of the central bank’s key in this area.