موارد تمويل المصارف الإسلامية في الفقه الإمامي (عرض وتحليل)

Financing resources of Islamic banks in Imami jurisprudence

Abstract
Today, Islamic banks are one of the most prominent manifestations of economic renewal in Muslim societies. They are based on legitimate foundations derived from the Holy Quran, the Sunnah of the Prophet, and the consensus of jurists, as an alternative to traditional banks that rely on usurious interest, which is forbidden by Sharia. There is a dire need for them in society. Therefore, our study entitled: ( Resources of Financing Islamic Banks in Imami Jurisprudence ) focused on defining Islamic banks and their financing mechanisms in Islamic jurisprudence and according to a contemporary perspective. After explaining the vocabulary of the thesis title, we addressed the concept of banks and their internal organization, and compared private and traditional banks in terms of borrowing, interest, revenues, and financing formulas. We reviewed the main features of Islamic banks, the prohibition of usury, the Shiite doctrine of prohibiting usury, and the establishment of alternatives from contracts of speculation, participation, salam, leasing, and commission, and others. We reviewed the legal rulings related to that and the opinions of Shiite jurists on it, and the Shiite doctrine of prohibiting usury. Then, we discussed the resources of Islamic banks and the financing tools of the Imamiyyah. We also discussed the financing resources of banks through deposits, the fifth tax, and its revenues, and the adaptation of the revenues of endowments to finance Islamic banks Khen we came to some results from the study. Islamic banking is a financial system that adheres to Islamic Sharia law, which calls for profit-sharing while prohibiting the collection and payment of interest. Islamic banking is a financial institution that operates in accordance with the provisions of Islamic Sharia law, which prohibits usury. It stimulates economic growth, and the relationship between Islamic banking and growth is evident in the prosperity of the banking system, as it represents a channel between various sectors , through which savings are converted into economic investments. It relies on transactions that are permissible in Islam, such as buying and selling, speculation, partnerships, murabaha, ju’ala, and other forms of legitimate capital investment. It also incorporates other Islamic contracts, remittance fees, and benefits from exchange rates and currency exchange, all in accordance with Islamic Sharia law.