تقييم كفاءة مشروع ماء حي الحسين ومجمعات ماء الحر الرئيسية في محافظة كربلاء-العراق

Evaluate the efficiency of the water project AL- Hussein district and The Main complexes water AL-HUR in the city of Karbala - Iraq

   The present study  included  assessment of the quality of drinking water in the water station ( Al-hur ) in the northwest of the province and    the water station of (Al-Hussein) in the center of the Government of Karbala, and for the period from December 2012 to November 2013, To indicate pollution levels in the raw water in the sedimentation basins and water after the final stage of treatment in both stations, being of included the study of some physical and chemical factors affecting water quality, such as temperature, total dissolved substances TDS, conductivity EC, salinity, pH, residual chlorine  Cl, dissolved Oxygen DO, biological demand oxygen BOD₅,turbidity, total hardness TH , calcium Ca, magnesium Mg, potassium K, sodium Na, sulphate SO₄ , nitrate NO₃, phosphate PO4,  and Also biological factors which included bacterial indicators for water pollution (total coliform Tc, Fecal Coliform Fc, Fecal streptococci Fs. In addition to study the concentration of some heavy metals such as ( Cadmium Cd, Lead Pb, Iron Fe, and Nickel Ni).

   Station was Al-hur the letter R Station AL-Hussein letter H Samples were collected monthly from six stations  which named R1,R2, R3, and H1,H2, H3 : R1 represents  River Al- rashediya water  which proved Alhur plant with crude water, and R2, R3, represents sedimentation basins and the water after final stage  respectively, while H1 represents Al- Hussaniya River which proved Al- Hussian plant with crude water via a tube  carrier of raw water, and  ,H2,H3, represents sedimentation basins and the water after final stage in  the water plant respectively.

   The results showed the presence of fluctuation in most of the properties studied in both treatment plants, as well as the presence of greater numbers of bacteria than permissible limit environmentally counting months, indicating a defect in the purification process.

  The Air temperature ranged between (30-10) °C in the R and (11.50 -34)°C in the H, and the water temperature ranged between (8.70-28 ) °C in R and (9.60-29.67) °C in H .  the values of TDS ​​ranged between  ( 500-710)  mg /L  in R and (500-693.33) mg/L in H .EC values of water within the two plants varied between ( 696.67- 1416.67 ) ms/cm in R and between (660 – 1400) ms/cm in H. the values of salinity ​​ranged between the two stations R and H (0.45 -0.91 ) %0and (0.42- 0.90) 0%respectively. the values of pH ranged between ( 6.87- 8.20) mg/L in R and ( 7.43- 8.37) mg/L in H. the residual chlorine values ​​ranged between (3-3.5) mg / L in the R and (2 – 3.5 )mg / L in the H. while the DO values were between ( 5.10- 11.90) mg/L in R and ( 5- 12.10) mg/L in H, and  the BOD₅ ranged (0.70-3.80) mg/L  in Rand (1.10- 4.37) mg/L in H. either the values of turbidity  of water were between (0- 78.67) NUT in R and (0-54) NUT in H, where they exceeded the permissible limits of most months,. The TH values ranged between (335.67-486.67) mgCaCo3/L in R and (345.67-480) ) mgCaCo3/L in H, and the results showed a no significant correlation between TH, and the stations of study,  as well as the case of calcium , magnesium , where values ​​ranged calcium between ( 78 – 134 ) mgCaCo3/L in R and ( 78-132.53 ) mgCaCo3/L in H , as well as the values ​​of magnesium ranged between ( 22.77 -68.60) mg/L in R and ( 22.12 – 52.67 ) mg/L in H . and the values ​​of sodium ranged between ( 56.10 -150) mg / L in R and ( 55.30-139.20) mg/ L in the H, and Potassium value ranged between ( 3.37 -5.17 ) mg/L in R and ( 3.26 -5 ) mg/L in H. The values of  SO₄ ranged between (194- 425.33) mg/L in R and (242.67- 358.67)  mg/L in H, and NO₃ values ranged between (2.11- 4. 83) mg/L in R and ( 2.37- 4.33) mg/L in H. while the PO₄ values where ( 0.04- 0.45) mg/L in R and ( 0.02-0.58) mg/L in H.

    The results of the study also remarkable that, the numbers of total Coliform and fecal Coliform bacteria ranged between (0-160 x 10²) CFU/100ml at R and H stations,  While the  count of fecal streptococci ranged (0-92) CFU/100ml in R and H stations, The results showed high numbers of total Coliform and fecal Coliform and  fecal streptococci in the water of the river and in the sedimentation basins of most months study ,the numbers in drinking water exceeded the permissible limits in some months of the study, Except fecal streptococci bacteria in both stations were identical to the standard specifications for drinking water Iraqi and international and all months.

     The current study also included estimates the  total concentrations of some heavy metals  in the water during studied stations, Cadmium (Cd) values where ( ND- 0.020) mg/L and ( 0.001- 0.023) mg/L in R and H, stations, and the values of Lead ( Pb) ranged between (ND -2.643) mg/L and ( ND- 0.106) mg/L in R and H stations respectively. while  the Iron values ranged ( ND- 1.959) mg/L in R and ( 0.025- 2.196) mg/L in H, also the values of Nickel ( Ni) ranged (ND- 1.338) mg/L  in R and ( ND-1.010) mg/L in H. Has exceeded the values ​​of some heavy elements for some months studying Specifications Iraqi and international permissible