الاتجاه نحو العنف ضد المرأة وعلاقته بتشيء الذات لدى طلبة الجامعة

Rp-The Attitude Towards Violence Against Women and its Relationship to Self-Objectification Among University Students.pdf

The current research aims to reveal:
1. Attitudes toward violence against women among university students.
2. Self-objectification among university students.
3. The correlation between attitudes toward violence against women and self-objectification among university students.
4. Differences in the correlation between attitudes toward violence against women and self-objectification among university students according to the variables of gender (male-female) and academic specialization (scientific-human).
5. The contribution of attitudes toward violence against women to self-objectification among university students.
To achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopted the scale of the study of Zgheir (2008) to measure attitudes toward violence against women, consisting of (40) items with five alternatives in its initial form. After presenting it to the above-mentioned referees, all items were retained.
As for self-objectification, the researcher adopted the scale of the study of Dahsh (2021), consisting of (27) items with five alternatives. After verifying the apparent validity and validity of the items by presenting them to (24) referees specializing in educational, psychological, and mental health sciences, all items were retained. To extract the psychometric properties of the two scales, the researcher applied them to a sample of (400) male and female students. After completing the application, the researcher extracted validity indicators using three methods:
1. Internal consistency.
2. Discriminatory power (two extreme groups).
No item from the two scales was deleted from the current research.
Reliability was verified by the Cronbach’s alpha method. Using this method, it became clear that the reliability coefficient for the Violence Against Women Attitude Scale was (0.87) and the Self-Objectification Scale was (0.85).
These are very good reliability coefficients based on the standards set by measurement and evaluation experts. After verifying the validity and reliability of the two scales, the researcher applied them to her research sample. She then analyzed the data statistically using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS ver. 26). She reached several important conclusions, the most important of which are:
1. The results of the single-sample t-test revealed that students’ attitudes toward violence were statistically significant in the family and economic domains, while no significant differences were found in the sexual and political domains. This indicates a discrepancy in the nature of the components of attitudes toward violence.
2. The results of the statistical analysis of the self-objectification scale showed that the arithmetic mean for the study sample was lower than the hypothetical mean, indicating that the sample members did not have a statistically significant high level of self-objectification.
3. The study found a positive and statistically significant correlation between attitudes toward violence and self-objectification, with a correlation coefficient of (r = 0.481), indicating that the greater the attitude toward violence, the greater the levels of self-objectification among students. The relationship was statistically significant, specifically in the sexual and economic domains, while no significant relationship was found in the family and political domains.
4. The results of the test of differences based on gender and major showed that the relationship between the tendency toward violence and self-objectification did not differ statistically significantly across these variables. No significant differences were recorded in the Fisher Z test, indicating that this relationship is relatively stable between males and females, and between students majoring in science and humanities.
5. The results of the simple regression analysis showed that the tendency toward violence is a statistically significant predictor variable for explaining self-objectification, with a coefficient of determination (R² = 0.231), meaning that the tendency toward violence explains 23.1% of the variance in self-objectification scores. This explanation was found to be statistically significant according to the results of the model’s analysis of variance, reflecting the existence of a real effect of the tendency toward violence on self-objectification.
In light of the research results, the researcher presented a number of recommendations and proposals