ظاهرةُ الزّعم في النحوِ العربيّ

RP-The phenomenon of claim in Arabic grammar.pdf

After reviewing the works of grammarians, it became clear that they used the term (al-za’am) and its derivatives, such as (ya’sumu, za’uwu, za’man, ta’az’u, etc.), when they judged each other in establishing grammatical issues. We find them using it in two meanings: the first: false or erroneous statement, which is the common one. As for the second meaning: correct statement, which is the least used. Therefore, its connotations are many, such as: (good, weak, corrupt, verified, false, etc.). Upon investigating it, we find it commonly found in the first grammatical work that has reached us, which is the book of (Sibawayh). Its use reached (four hundred and ten) places. The study demonstrated that there were motives behind grammarians’ use of the term “al-za’am,” including grammatical evidence for citation, such as “hearing and its forms, such as citing the Holy Qur’an, the Noble Prophetic Hadith, readings, and the speech of the Arabs,” in addition to analogy and meaning. Perhaps the reason for the prevalence of the term “al-za’am” before its composition in Arabic grammar, and its subsequent popularity among grammarians, made it a phenomenon no less significant than other phenomena in Arabic grammar, in terms of its frequent use in the books of the ancients—the principles of Arabic grammar—to the point that this usage has even reached modern scholars